Cramping pain in the lower abdomen around the time of your period is very common and is part of the menstrual cycle for many women. It is usually caused by the contraction of the uterine muscles and often subsides after the first few days. If the symptoms severely impact your daily life or change, a gynecological examination is worthwhile.
Possible causes
Primary Menstrual Cramps
Cramps without an underlying disease, triggered by the body's own messenger substances. They often begin in adolescence and are usually cycle-dependent.
Endometriosis
Tissue similar to the uterine lining settles outside the uterus and can cause severe, increasing pain. A gynecological assessment helps to classify the cause.
Fibroids or Polyps
Benign changes in the uterus can promote pain and heavier bleeding. They can be visualized well on ultrasound.
Hormonal Fluctuations
An irregular cycle can be accompanied by varying degrees of discomfort. Pain often changes over the course of life.
Typical steps at the doctor's office
- 1During the consultation, your cycle, the intensity and timing of the pain, as well as any accompanying symptoms will be discussed.
- 2A gynecological examination and an ultrasound of the lower abdomen help to assess the uterus and ovaries.
- 3Depending on the findings, further examinations or supportive counseling will be discussed.
What you can do yourself
- Heat on the lower abdomen, for example with a hot water bottle, is found soothing by many.
- Gentle exercise and relaxation techniques can relieve cramping symptoms.
- A cycle diary helps to identify patterns and prepare for the medical consultation.
- Adequate sleep and regular meals support overall well-being.
An appointment at a gynecological practice makes sense if the pain is very severe, regularly impairs your daily activities, or changes noticeably. If usual measures are no longer sufficient, an examination is also worthwhile.
Frequently asked questions
- Are menstrual cramps normal?
- Mild to moderate cramps around the time of your period are very common. However, if the pain is severe or increasing, a gynecological assessment is advisable.
- Can menstrual cramps affect fertility?
- Most menstrual cramps have no impact on fertility. However, with certain causes such as endometriosis, early examination can still be helpful.
- Why do my menstrual cramps change?
- Pain can change with age, after a pregnancy, or due to hormonal changes. A significant change should be medically evaluated.
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