In a hyaluronic acid injection, a gel-like substance modelled on natural joint fluid is injected directly into the joint. It is intended to "lubricate" the joint better and reduce friction — it is most commonly used for knee osteoarthritis. The evidence from studies is inconsistent, and several major guidelines do not recommend the treatment for routine use. In individual cases it may be considered after medical assessment; compulsory health insurance generally does not cover it.
Typical Areas of Use
- Knee osteoarthritis, mild to moderate stage (benefit not established)
- Osteoarthritis in hip, shoulder or ankle
- Load-related joint pain
- Additional option when exercise and painkillers are not sufficient
How It Works
- 1Your doctor will examine the joint and discuss with you whether hyaluronic acid treatment makes sense in your situation — the evidence is not conclusive, but many patients report experiencing relief.
- 2After thorough disinfection, the substance is injected into the joint using a fine needle; for deeper joints such as the hip, this is done under ultrasound or X-ray guidance.
- 3If there is joint effusion present, this is often drained first during the same appointment so that the product can work more effectively.
- 4After the injection, you will move the joint briefly through its range of motion and can usually leave the practice straight away.
How to Prepare
- Inform your doctor about any blood-thinning medication and known allergies.
- Wear clothing that allows easy access to the affected joint.
- Postpone the appointment if the skin over the joint is inflamed or if you have a feverish infection.
Side Effects & Risks
- Temporary pain, warmth or swelling in the joint after injection
- Bruising at the injection site
- Rarely, an irritant reaction in the joint with significant swelling
- Very rarely, a joint infection — this must be treated promptly
On the day of injection, you should only use the joint for everyday activities and avoid sport; from the following day onwards, everything that is well tolerated is usually permitted again. A slight feeling of tightness or mild swelling for one to two days is normal. If, however, the pain increases significantly, the joint becomes very swollen, hot or red, or if you develop a fever, contact your doctor immediately — such signs need to be investigated promptly.

Cost & Insurance
Hyaluronic acid injections into the joint are generally not considered a mandatory benefit in Switzerland: the basic insurance usually does not cover the preparation, so you must expect costs as a self-payer — some supplementary insurances contribute. The medical consultation and examination themselves are covered by the basic insurance, with Franchise and deductible as usual. It is best to clarify the cost question with the practice and your insurer before starting treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What does a hyaluronic acid injection cost?
- The costs depend on the product and number of injections; typical amounts per injection range from the mid double-digit to low triple-digit CHF range. As basic insurance usually does not cover the product, it is worth obtaining a cost estimate from the practice before starting.
- Is the injection painful?
- The needle insertion is comparable to a vaccination or blood draw. Injecting into the knee joint can usually be done easily and with little pain; for deeper joints, image guidance helps to position the needle gently.
- How quickly will I feel an effect?
- Unlike cortisone, hyaluronic acid does not work immediately: improvement — if it occurs at all — usually only becomes apparent after a few weeks and can then last for several months. Whether you respond only becomes clear over time.
- Does hyaluronic acid really help?
- The scientific evidence is inconsistent: some studies show moderate pain relief, others show almost no difference compared with sham treatments. Major guidelines — such as the British NICE and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) — therefore advise against routine use for knee osteoarthritis, because a reliable benefit for pain and function has not been proven. A trial in individual cases remains possible; your doctor will assess whether it makes sense in your situation.
- Am I fit to drive afterwards?
- As a rule, yes — the injection does not impair your reaction time or concentration. If the treated knee feels tight immediately afterwards, wait until it feels normal again before driving.
